Analyzer

Analyzer - to Analyze...

1. to separate (a material or abstract entity) into constituent parts or elements; determine the elements or essential features of (opposed to synthesize): to analyze an argument.
2. to examine critically, so as to bring out the essential elements or give the essence of: to analyze a poem.
3. to subject to mathematical, chemical, grammatical, etc.,analysys.
(Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language)

Analyzer - the term 'Analysis'

1. the separating of any material or abstract entity into its constituent parts or elements (opposed to synthesis).
2. this process as a method of studying the nature of something or of determining its essential features and their relations: the grammatical analysis of a sentence.
3. A presentation, usually in writing, of the results of this process.
(Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language)

Analyzer

The analyzer is an instrument that performs analyses (Webster's online dictionary).

The analyzer is an instrument, device or system used to examine the structure of materials (gases liquids and solids) or/and any given data and tries to find relationships between parts of them.

In the context of test and measurement  equipment , the analyzer is a device that monitors  a given component, board or system and presents the gathered data for review. Analyzer is designed to examine in detail the structure of signals in terms of one or more of their characteristics (frequency, amplitude, cycle duration, etc).